Scoping Review on models and outcomes of mother and child residential care and community outreach support

This scoping review, produced by the University of Edinburgh’s School of Social and Political Science and commissioned by Aberlour, brings together international evidence on residential care and community outreach support for mothers experiencing problem substance use. It highlights the complex challenges many families face, including poverty, trauma, mental health issues and stigma, and reinforces the need for services that address these interconnected needs in a holistic way. 

The evidence shows that when mothers can access residential support alongside their children, outcomes improve. Mothers report better mental health, reduced substance use and stronger parenting capacity, while children benefit from safer, more nurturing environments. A key finding is the importance of a whole-family approach, in which support for recovery is combined with practical help, parenting guidance, and therapeutic interventions that strengthen the mother–child relationship. 

Successful models are those that are trauma-informed, person-centred and tailored to individual needs rather than one-size-fits-all. Integrated, multi-agency working also plays a vital role in ensuring families receive coordinated support across health, social care and community services. The review highlights the value of peer support, empathetic staff and non-judgmental environments in helping women engage with and stay in treatment. 

Importantly, the evidence points to the need for a continuum of care that extends beyond residential settings. Ongoing community support, stable housing, and strong social connections are critical to sustaining recovery and preventing relapse. While the research base is still developing, the findings underline the significant potential of high quality residential and outreach services to transform lives and keep families safely together. 

Download the full review to explore the evidence in detail and learn what works in supporting mothers and children on their recovery journey.